Fathers

Psalms 5

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Give ear to my words, Yahweh. Consider my meditation. Listen to the voice of my cry, my King and my God; for I pray to you. Yahweh, in the morning you will hear my voice. In the morning I will lay my requests before you, and will watch expectantly. For you are not a God who has pleasure in wickedness. Evil can’t live with you. The arrogant will not stand in your sight. You hate all workers of iniquity. You will destroy those who speak lies. Yahweh abhors the bloodthirsty and deceitful man. But as for me, in the abundance of your loving kindness I will come into your house. I will bow toward your holy temple in reverence of you. Lead me, Yahweh, in your righteousness because of my enemies. Make your way straight before my face. For there is no faithfulness in their mouth. Their heart is destruction. Their throat is an open tomb. They flatter with their tongue. Hold them guilty, God. Let them fall by their own counsels. Thrust them out in the multitude of their transgressions, for they have rebelled against you. But let all those who take refuge in you rejoice. Let them always shout for joy, because you defend them. Let them also who love your name be joyful in you. For you will bless the righteous. Yahweh, you will surround him with favor as with a shield.

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What the Fathers say

Psalms 5:10

Western Saints

Augustine of Hippo

"Judge them, O God: let them fall from their own thoughts" [Psalm 5:10]. It is a prophecy, not a curse. For he does not wish that it should come to pass; but he perceives what will come to pass. For this happens to them, not because he appears to have wished for it, but because they are such as to deserve that it should happen. For so also what he says afterwards, "Let all that hope in You rejoice," he says by way of prophecy; since he perceives that they will rejoice. …

Exposition on Psalm 5 ↗

Jerome

According to the multitude of their impieties cast them out. He did not say from where He should cast them out: whether He should cast them out from heaven, whether He should cast them out from the earth: from where He should cast them out, the Scripture does not say; but it is a ὑπερβατόν (a transposition) and a ὕστερον πρότερον (a putting of the latter first). We ought therefore to read, According to the multitude of their impieties cast them out. …

Homily 2, on Psalm 5 ↗

Thomas Aquinas

Next, when he says "Judge," he prays for others. And first, against the wicked. Second, for the good, at "And let them rejoice." Concerning the first, he does three things. First, he asks for their judgment. Second, he determines the mode of judgment, at "Let them fall," etc. Third, he assigns the cause of judgment, at "For they have provoked." He says therefore, "Judge them," since they are wicked. But it should be noted that judgment is twofold: namely, of discernment, by which even the good are judged: Ps. …

Exposition on the Psalms of David ↗