Fathers

Psalms 48

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Great is Yahweh, and greatly to be praised, in the city of our God, in his holy mountain. Beautiful in elevation, the joy of the whole earth, is Mount Zion, on the north sides, the city of the great King. God has shown himself in her citadels as a refuge. For, behold, the kings assembled themselves, they passed by together. They saw it, then they were amazed. They were dismayed. They hurried away. Trembling took hold of them there, pain, as of a woman in travail. With the east wind, you break the ships of Tarshish. As we have heard, so we have seen, in the city of Yahweh of Armies, in the city of our God. God will establish it forever. We have thought about your loving kindness, God, in the middle of your temple. As is your name, God, so is your praise to the ends of the earth. Your right hand is full of righteousness. Let Mount Zion be glad! Let the daughters of Judah rejoice because of your judgments. Walk about Zion, and go around her. Number its towers. Notice her bulwarks. Consider her palaces, that you may tell it to the next generation. For this God is our God forever and ever. He will be our guide even to death.

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What the Fathers say

Psalms 48:5

Western Saints

Augustine of Hippo

"They saw it, and so they marvelled" [Psalm 48:4]. After their marvelling at the miracles and glory of Christ, what followed? "They were troubled, they were moved" [Psalm 48:5], "trembling took hold upon them." Whence took trembling hold upon them, but from the consciousness of sins? Let them run then, king after a king; kings, let them acknowledge the King. …

Exposition on Psalm 48 ↗

Thomas Aquinas

"They themselves seeing." Here he describes their integrity, and there are seven elements. The first is vision, that is, the knowledge of faith; hence he says, "They themselves seeing," that is, knowing through faith the miracles that Christ and the apostles were performing. Is. 62: "The nations shall see your just one, and all kings your illustrious one." The second is admiration at the things seen, because they are above human sense and reason. Is. 60: "You shall see and overflow and wonder, and your heart shall be expanded." Ps. …

Exposition on the Psalms of David ↗

Arnobius of Sicca

This, I say, is man's real death, when souls that know not God shall be consumed in long-protracted torment with raging fire, into which certain fiercely cruel beings shall cast them, who were unknown before Christ and brought to light only by his wisdom.

Against the Heathen Book 2 ↗