Fathers

Job 11

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Then Zophar, the Naamathite, answered, “Shouldn’t the multitude of words be answered? Should a man full of talk be justified? Should your boastings make men hold their peace? When you mock, will no man make you ashamed? For you say, ‘My doctrine is pure. I am clean in your eyes.’ But oh that God would speak, and open his lips against you, that he would show you the secrets of wisdom! For true wisdom has two sides. Know therefore that God exacts of you less than your iniquity deserves. “Can you fathom the mystery of God? Or can you probe the limits of the Almighty? They are high as heaven. What can you do? They are deeper than Sheol. What can you know? Its measure is longer than the earth, and broader than the sea. If he passes by, or confines, or convenes a court, then who can oppose him? For he knows false men. He sees iniquity also, even though he doesn’t consider it. An empty-headed man becomes wise when a man is born as a wild donkey’s colt. “If you set your heart aright, stretch out your hands toward him. If iniquity is in your hand, put it far away. Don’t let unrighteousness dwell in your tents. Surely then you will lift up your face without spot; Yes, you will be steadfast, and will not fear: for you will forget your misery. You will remember it like waters that have passed away. Life will be clearer than the noonday. Though there is darkness, it will be as the morning. You will be secure, because there is hope. Yes, you will search, and will take your rest in safety. Also you will lie down, and no one will make you afraid. Yes, many will court your favor. But the eyes of the wicked will fail. They will have no way to flee. Their hope will be the giving up of the spirit.”

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What the Fathers say

Job 11:8

Western Saints

Gregory the Dialogist

He is higher than heaven, what canst thou do? Deeper than hell, what canst thou know? His measure is longer than the earth, and broader than the sea. In that God is set forth as 'higher than heaven,' 'deeper than hell,' 'longer than the earth,' and 'broader than the sea,' this must be understood in a spiritual sense, inasmuch as it is impious to conceive any thing concerning Him after the proportions of body. Now He is 'higher than heaven,' in that He transcends all things by the Incomprehensibility of His spiritual Nature. …

Morals on the Book of Job, Book X ↗

Thomas Aquinas

One should also not be surprised if the Creator is not known if creatures are not perfectly understood, because even if creatures were perfectly known, the Creator would still not be. For a cause can only be perfectly known through its effects when the effects equal in power to the cause. This cannot be attributed to God. So he continues, "He is higher than the heaven and what will you do? He is deeper than hell and from what will you know him? …

Commentary on Job ↗

Bonaventure

The height of faith consists in understanding the eternal God, its depth, in knowing God made man. Of the first, it is written: "It is higher than the heavens; what can you do?" Concerning the second, there is added: "It is deeper than the nether world; what can you know?" The depth of God made man, that is, the humility, is such that reason fails. The height of God is beyond investigation.

Collations on the Hexaemeron, Collation 8 ↗