Fathers

2 Thessalonians 3

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Finally, brothers, pray for us, that the word of the Lord may spread rapidly and be glorified, even as also with you, and that we may be delivered from unreasonable and evil men; for not all have faith. But the Lord is faithful, who will establish you and guard you from the evil one. We have confidence in the Lord concerning you, that you both do and will do the things we command. May the Lord direct your hearts into God’s love, and into the perseverance of Christ. Now we command you, brothers, in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that you withdraw yourselves from every brother who walks in rebellion, and not after the tradition which they received from us. For you know how you ought to imitate us. For we didn’t behave ourselves rebelliously among you, neither did we eat bread from anyone’s hand without paying for it, but in labor and travail worked night and day, that we might not burden any of you, not because we don’t have the right, but to make ourselves an example to you, that you should imitate us. For even when we were with you, we commanded you this: “If anyone is not willing to work, don’t let him eat.” For we hear of some who walk among you in rebellion, who don’t work at all, but are busybodies. Now those who are that way, we command and exhort in the Lord Jesus Christ, that they work with quietness and eat their own bread. But you, brothers, don’t be weary in doing what is right. If any man doesn’t obey our word in this letter, note that man, that you have no company with him, to the end that he may be ashamed. Don’t count him as an enemy, but admonish him as a brother. Now may the Lord of peace himself give you peace at all times in all ways. The Lord be with you all. The greeting of me, Paul, with my own hand, which is the sign in every letter: this is how I write. The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you all. Amen.

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What the Fathers say

2 Thessalonians 3:15

Eastern Fathers

John Chrysostom

"Yet count him not as an enemy, but admonish him as a brother." By this he shows that he has assigned a heavy punishment against him, in depriving him of freedom of conversation. For if to be a receiver even with many others is worthy of disgrace, when they even reprove whilst they offer it, and withdraw themselves, how great is the reproach, quite sufficient to sting the soul. …

Homily on 2 Thessalonians 5 ↗

Theophylact of Ohrid

Just as above, having said "let him who does not work not eat," the apostle feared that such people might perish entirely from hunger, and therefore added, "but you, brethren, do not grow weary in doing good," so now, having said "do not associate with him," he feared that this might completely separate him from the brotherhood, as one who has despaired of himself. …

Commentary on 2 Thessalonians ↗

Polycarp of Smyrna

I am greatly grieved for Valens, who was once a presbyter among you, because he so little understands the place that was given him [in the Church]. I exhort you, therefore, that ye abstain from covetousness, and that ye be chaste and truthful. "Abstain from every form of evil." For if a man cannot govern himself in such matters, how shall he enjoin them on others? If a man does not keep himself from covetousness, he shall be defiled by idolatry, and shall be judged as one of the heathen. …

Epistle to the Philippians 11 ↗

Western Saints

Augustine of Hippo

Here it is as though doves are quarreling together. The apostle said, "If anyone fails to obey our word by this letter, mark that person and do not mix with him." There's the quarrel. But notice how it's a quarrel of doves, not of wolves. He immediately added, "And do not regard him as an enemy, but rebuke him as a brother." A dove is loving even when it is beating; a wolf hates even when it is being charming.

Sermons 64.3 ↗

Gregory the Dialogist

Whence the same apostle again admonishes his disciples, saying, "If any man obey not our word, note that man by this epistle; and have no company with him, that he may be confounded." And straightway he added, "Yet count him not as an enemy, but reprove him as a brother." As if to say, Break ye outward peace with him, but guard in your heart's core internal peace concerning him; that your discord with him may so smite the mind of the sinner that peace depart not from your hearts even though denied to him.

The Book of Pastoral Rule, Part 3, Chapter 22 ↗

Thomas Aquinas

Now the goal and intention should be his correction, which love intends, so he says "yet do not esteem him as an enemy," because his correction should not arise from hateful spite but from a loving eagerness. You should not avoid him out of the sort of hatred you would have for an enemy. "Love your enemies, and do good to those who hate you" (Matt 5:44). And this is why he says "but admonish him as a brother." This shows love. "Behold how good and pleasant it is for brothers to dwell together in unity" (Ps 133:1).

Commentary on 2 Thessalonians ↗