Fathers

1 Thessalonians 5

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But concerning the times and the seasons, brothers, you have no need that anything be written to you. For you yourselves know well that the day of the Lord comes like a thief in the night. For when they are saying, “Peace and safety,” then sudden destruction will come on them, like birth pains on a pregnant woman. Then they will in no way escape. But you, brothers, aren’t in darkness, that the day should overtake you like a thief. You are all children of light and children of the day. We don’t belong to the night, nor to darkness, so then let’s not sleep, as the rest do, but let’s watch and be sober. For those who sleep, sleep in the night; and those who are drunk are drunk in the night. But since we belong to the day, let’s be sober, putting on the breastplate of faith and love, and for a helmet, the hope of salvation. For God didn’t appoint us to wrath, but to the obtaining of salvation through our Lord Jesus Christ, who died for us, that, whether we wake or sleep, we should live together with him. Therefore exhort one another, and build each other up, even as you also do. But we beg you, brothers, to know those who labor among you, and are over you in the Lord, and admonish you, and to respect and honor them in love for their work’s sake. Be at peace among yourselves. We exhort you, brothers: Admonish the disorderly; encourage the faint-hearted; support the weak; be patient toward all. See that no one returns evil for evil to anyone, but always follow after that which is good for one another and for all. Always rejoice. Pray without ceasing. In everything give thanks, for this is the will of God in Christ Jesus toward you. Don’t quench the Spirit. Don’t despise prophecies. Test all things, and hold firmly that which is good. Abstain from every form of evil. May the God of peace himself sanctify you completely. May your whole spirit, soul, and body be preserved blameless at the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ. He who calls you is faithful, who will also do it. Brothers, pray for us. Greet all the brothers with a holy kiss. I solemnly command you by the Lord that this letter be read to all the holy brothers. The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you. Amen.

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What the Fathers say

1 Thessalonians 5:4

Eastern Fathers

John Chrysostom

"But ye, brethren, are not in darkness, that that day should overtake you as a thief." Here he speaks of a life that is dark and impure. For it is just as corrupt and wicked men do all things as in the night, escaping the notice of all, and inclosing themselves in darkness. For tell me, does not the adulterer watch for the evening, and the thief for the night? Does not the violator of the tombs carry on all his trade in the night? What then? Does it not overtake them as a thief? …

Homily on 1 Thessalonians 9 ↗

Theophylact of Ohrid

That is, you do not lead a dark and impure life. So then, what? Will the end not come upon them unexpectedly, even if they are not impure? It will come unexpectedly, but it will bring them no sorrow. For a thief can do no harm to those who are awake and have light, even if he manages to enter their house — on the contrary, those who are in darkness and sleeping he robs completely and departs.

Commentary on 1 Thessalonians ↗

Isaac of Nineveh

Now if the good God sees that a man's heart has not inclined to any of these things as David said, indicating the same, "You have tested my heart, You have visited it in the night, You have tried me by fire, and unrighteousness was not found in me," then God will help him and deliver him. Why does he say "in the night" and not "in the day"? Because the enemy's deceptions are a night, as Paul also said, "We are not children of the night but children of the day," since the Son of God is the Day, but Satan is night.

The First Syriac Epistle of Saint Makarios of Egypt 7

Western Saints

Augustine of Hippo

On the verse: "This is the day which the Lord has made." What we have sung to our Lord let us put into practice with his help. To be sure, every day has been made by the Lord, but with good reason has it been said of a particular day, "This is the day which the Lord has made." We read that when he created heaven and earth, "God said, 'Let there be light,' and there was light, and God called the light Day, and the darkness Night." But there is another day, well established and definitely to be commended by us, concerning which the …

Sermons 230 ↗

Thomas Aquinas

Then Paul says, but you are not in darkness, brethren, and explains what he had mentioned in regard to the good people; and he does this by making two points: first, he excludes the good people from the company of the evil people and secondly, he provides a reason for this (5:5). And so he remarks, you are not in darkness, for you have been enlightened by Christ concerning that day; this is not an unexpected event for you. "He who follows me will not walk in darkness, but will have the light of life" (Jn. 8:12).

Commentary on 1 Thessalonians ↗