John Chrysostom

"What shall we say then? That the Gentiles, which followed not after righteousness, have attained to righteousness, even the righteousness which is by faith. But Israel, which followed after the law of righteousness, hath not attained to the law of righteousness." Here at last is the clearest answer. …

Homily on Romans 16 ↗

Theophylact of Ohrid

Here he gives the clearest resolution, showing why the Gentiles were accepted and the Israelites were rejected. The Gentiles, he says, holding to the righteousness of faith, were indeed justified.

Commentary on Romans ↗

Thomas Aquinas

Then he draws the conclusion from the above, when he says what then shall we say? First, with respect to the gentiles; second, with respect to the Jews, at but Israel. In regard to the first he does two things. First, he draws his conclusion, saying: what then shall we say, in the light of the foregoing? I say it is this, namely, that the gentiles have attained it, i.e., justice, by which they are called sons: and such were some of you. But you were washed, you were justified (1 Cor 6:11). …

Commentary on Romans ↗