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Translation
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What the Fathers say
Eastern Fathers
Oecumenius
And it says that the Antichrist also gives a mark and seal of his own name, without which no one will either buy or indeed sell.
Dionysius bar Salibi
And he will make all these, small and great and rich, etc., and he will give them a sign upon their hands—For he is shrewd and eager to be exalted over the servants of God. And he wants to harass and drive them out of the world, because they do not give him praise. …
Western Saints
Bede
To receive a mark on their right hand or on their foreheads. The mark is the mystery of iniquity, which hypocrites receive in work and profession under the name of Christ.
Hippolytus of Rome
Here the faith and the patience of the saints will appear, for he says: "And he will cause all, both small and great, rich and poor, free and bond, to receive a mark in their right hand or in their forehead; that no man might buy or sell, save he that had the mark, the name of the beast, or the number of his name." For, being full of guile, and exalting himself against the servants of God, with the wish to afflict them and persecute them out of the world, because they give not glory to him, he will order incense-pans to be set up by …
Translation