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What the Fathers say
Eastern Fathers
John Chrysostom
This John likewise saith, but he in the beginning of his Gospel, this at the end. Whence it is probable this was done twice, and at different seasons. And it is evident both from the times, and from their reply. For there He came at the very passover, but here much before. And there the Jews say, "What sign showest thou us?" but here they hold their peace, although reproved, because He was now marvelled at amongst all men. …
Theophylact of Ohrid
As Master of the house, which is the temple, He cast out the sellers, showing that the things of the Father are also His own. He did this out of concern for the good order of the temple, but also to show the transformation that would take place in the sacrifices. He cast out the cattle and the doves and thus foretold that there would no longer be any need of animal sacrifice and slaughter, but rather, of prayer. …
Western Saints
Jerome
And Jesus entered the temple of God and drove out all those who were buying and selling in the temple, and overturned the tables of the money changers and the seats of those selling doves. And He said to them, 'It is written: My house shall be called a house of prayer, but you are making it a den of robbers.' Then Jesus entered the temple area accompanied by the crowd of believers (who had spread their garments so that the colt could walk on them without being harmed). …
Gregory the Dialogist
But why do we speak of these things, when we still see many burdened by more atrocious deeds? For I speak to you priests with grief, because we have learned that some of you perform ordinations for payments, selling spiritual grace and accumulating temporal gains from the iniquities of others along with the harm of sin. Why then does the voice of the Lord commanding not return to your memory, saying: Freely you have received, freely give? …
Thomas Aquinas
"And Jesus entered into the temple of God, and cast out them that sold and bought." Above the Evangelist showed the glory which was exhibited to Christ on the way, and that in the city; now he treats of the glory in respect to those things which were done in the temple. And three things were done in the temple which pertain to the glory of Christ. Because first he purified the temple; secondly, he healed the sick; thirdly, he opened the mouths of infants. Of these the Evangelist treats in order. …
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