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What the Fathers say
Eastern Fathers
Theophylact of Ohrid
Those on rocky ground are they who hear but out of weakness do not resist trials and afflictions, but abandon their own salvation. By the rising sun understand temptations, which, like the sun, show men as they really are and reveal things which are hidden.
Western Saints
Jerome
Some fell by the wayside: and the birds of the air came and devoured them. Others fell on rocky ground, where they did not have much soil, and immediately they sprang up, since they had no depth of soil. But when the sun rose, they were scorched. And since they had no root, they withered away. Others fell among thorns, and the thorns grew up and choked them. Others fell on good soil and produced grain, some a hundredfold, some sixty, some thirty. …
Thomas Aquinas
The second is hardness of heart; Job 41:15: his heart shall be as hard as a stone, and as firm as a smith's anvil. And this is opposed to charity, because it is the nature of love to liquefy; Song of Songs 5:6: my soul melted when my beloved spoke etc. For that is hard which is constricted in itself and confined within its own limits. Love causes the lover to pass over into the beloved; hence it is poured forth. He says therefore, others fell upon rocky places etc. …
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