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Translation
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What the Fathers say
Eastern Fathers
Theophylact of Ohrid
But the Lord, showing that His suffering would be for the salvation of them and of many, and that Satan alone does not want Him to suffer and save people, calls Peter "Satan" for his thoughts befitting Satan, for his not wanting Christ to suffer but contradicting Him; Satan means adversary. "Get behind Me," He says, that is, follow My will, do not contradict and do not be My adversary, but follow Me. …
Western Saints
Bede
When he had turned and saw his disciples, he rebuked Peter, saying: Go behind me, Satan. Satan is interpreted as adversary or contrary. Because you speak contrary (he said) to my will, you should be called adversary. Many think that it was not Peter who was corrected, but the adversarial spirit that suggested these things to the apostle to say. But to me, an apostolic error, arising from the affection of piety, will never seem to be the incentive of the devil. Go, Satan, is said to the devil: Go behind me. …
Translation