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What the Fathers say
Eastern Fathers
John Chrysostom
"Who being past feeling," saith he, "gave themselves up." Whenever then ye hear, that "God gave them up unto a reprobate mind," remember this expression, that "they gave themselves up." If then they gave themselves over, how did God give them over? and if again God gave them over, how did they give themselves over? Thou seest the seeming contradiction. The word, "gave them over," then, means this, He permitted them to be given over. Seest thou, that the impure life is the ground for like doctrines also? …
Theophylact of Ohrid
Do you not see that of their own free will they became so insensible? "Having become callous," that is, having grown completely lazy, not wishing to do anything good, having reached complete insensibility and having become as if mad, "they gave themselves over to licentiousness." For what purpose? To practice uncleanness, because they made it (uncleanness) their occupation and constant activity, and not just one form of it, but every kind. …
Theodoret of Cyrus
At first their sickness was lawlessness. Then it became indulgence. Having slipped then into a lawless way of life, they gradually came to suffer from lack of remorse. Finally they ventured out toward every sin without fear, living the life of corruption beyond indulgence. This is what he means by "becoming greedy to practice every kind of uncleanness."
Western Saints
Thomas Aquinas
Then the Apostle goes on to portray how their exterior manner of life was once they lost hope, a loss due to their alienation from life. "I have done with hope. I shall now live no longer" (Job 7:16). "And they said: We have no hopes; for we will go after our own thoughts and we will do everyone according to the perverseness of his evil heart" (Jer. 18:12). This is what follows in that they have given themselves up to lasciviousness unto the working of all uncleanness, unto covetousness. The text can be read in two ways. …
Bonaventure
The sixth judgment of God is the judgment of despair, namely when the Lord takes away hope from man, and man believes himself to be deprived of eternal glory. Of such it is said: "Despairing, they gave themselves over to lasciviousness, unto the working of all uncleanness, unto covetousness." This is the most terrible judgment. Into this judgment Judas fell; and this judgment is the greatest, such that in the present life no greater can be given.
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