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What the Fathers say
Eastern Fathers
John Chrysostom
"And that He appeared to Cephas:" he names immediately the most credible of all. "Then to the twelve." Thus, since he had mentioned the proof from the Scriptures, he adds also that by the events, producing as witnesses of the resurrection, after the prophets, the apostles and other faithful men. …
Theophylact of Ohrid
First he puts forward the most trustworthy witness of all. Although the Gospel says that the Lord appeared first to Mary (Mark 16:9), yet among men He appeared first to Peter, as the chief of the disciples. For it was fitting that he who first confessed Him as the Christ should also be the first to see the Resurrection; and He appears to him before the others also on account of his denial, in order to show him that he was not rejected. Matthias was numbered among them in place of Judas after the Lord's Ascension. …
Western Saints
Thomas Aquinas
898. – I delivered to you, fourthly, the appearance of Christ, because he appeared to Cephas. And he presents first the appearance made to others; secondly, those make to himself alone (v. 8). 899. – In should be noted, however, in regard to the first, that the appearances of Christ were not made to all in common, but to certain special persons: "God raised him up on the third day and make him manifest not to all the people" (Ac 11:40). …
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