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What the Fathers say
Western Saints
Augustine of Hippo
"There went up smoke in His wrath" [Psalm 18:8]. The tearful supplication of penitents went up, when they came to know God's threatenings against the ungodly. "And fire burns from His face." And the ardour of love after repentance burns by the knowledge of Him. "Coals were kindled from Him." They, who were already dead, abandoned by the fire of good desire and the light of righteousness, and who remained in coldness and darkness, re-enkindled and enlightened, have come to life again.
Thomas Aquinas
"There ascended." Here, expounding corporally, the effect from above is set forth. Now the effect of the earth from above is when the earth is burned by celestial fire in some part of itself; and regarding this he does two things. First he touches on the matter itself. Second, the kindling of the fire and the burning. Its matter is dry smoke dissolved and ascending until it is inflamed; and therefore he says, "smoke ascended in his wrath," that is, by his will, that is, God's, by which he thus punishes. …
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