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What the Fathers say
Eastern Fathers
John Chrysostom
But since withal it was likely that they should also bring upon themselves an evil report, which to many seems harder to bear than all; see whence He comforts them even in this case, deriving the encouragement from Himself, and from all that had been said touching Himself; to which nothing else was equal. For as He said in that other place, "Ye shall be hated of all men," and added, "for my name's sake," so also here. And in another way He mitigates it, joining a fresh topic to that former. What kind of one then is it? …
Theophylact of Ohrid
"The disciple is not above his teacher, nor the servant above his lord. It is enough for the disciple that he be as his teacher, and the servant as his lord." Here He teaches them to endure insults. For if I, your Teacher and Master, have endured them, how much more so should you, My disciples and servants. …
Western Saints
Jerome
Spiritually we may say; When they shall persecute you in one book or one passage of Scripture, let us flee to other volumes, for however contentious the adversary may be, protection will come from the Saviour before the victory is yielded to the enemy. Beelzebub is the idol of Accaron who is called in the book of Kings, the God of flies; 'Bel,' signifying idol; (2 Kings 1:3.) 'zebub,' a fly. …
Hilary of Poitiers
For the Lord, the Light eternal, the Captain of the faithful, the Parent of immortality, set before His disciples this solace of the sufferings that should come upon them, that we should embrace it as our glory when we are made like to our Lord in suffering; whence He says, The disciple is not above his master, nor the slave above his lord.
Thomas Aquinas
A disciple is not above his teacher [master]. Here he urges them not to lose courage: first, by an example; secondly, by a favor (v. 26); thirdly, in view of the divine judgment (v. 28). First, by an example he exhorts them not to lose courage; secondly, he applies it to his instruction. First, he makes a comparison; secondly, what suffices for perfection (v. 25). He says, therefore, a disciple is not above his master. For they could say: You say that we will be hated by all men; how can we endure so many hatreds. …
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