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Translation
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What the Fathers say
Eastern Fathers
Basil of Caesarea
In truth, self knowledge seems the most important of all. For not only the eye, looking at outward things, fails to exercise its sight upon itself, but our understanding also, though very quick in apprehending the sin of another, is slow to perceive its own defects.
Cyril of Alexandria
As if He said, How can he who is guilty of grievous sins, (which He calls the beam,) condemn him who has sinned only slightly, or even in some cases not at all? For this the mote signifies. That is to say, first show thyself clean from great sins, and then afterwards shalt thou give counsel to thy neighbour, who is guilty only of slight sins.
Theophylact of Ohrid
But the Lord introduces another parable taken from the same figure, as follows, But why seest thou the mote (that is, the slight fault) which is in thy brother's eye, but the beam which is in thine own eye (that is, thy great sin) thou regardest not?
Western Saints
Bede
Why do you see the speck in your brother's eye, but do not consider the beam that is in your own eye? And this looks back to the previous point, where it was warned that a blind man cannot lead a blind man, that is, a sinner cannot chastise another sinner. …
Bonaventure
But why do you see the mote, etc. Here he calls back from the rashness of judging, which indeed he does by showing that he who judges rashly is unjust in thought, indiscreet in speech, disordered in action. He shows therefore first that the one who judges rashly is unjust in thought, because he does not judge equitably: on account of which he says: Why do you see the speck in your brother's eye? you, namely, who judge. …
Hippolytus of Rome
Since the great body of (the heretics) do not employ the counsel of the Lord, by having the beam in the eye, and announce that they see when in reality labouring under blindness, it seems to us expedient in no wise to be silent concerning the tenets of these. Our object is, that by the refutation accomplished by us, the (heretics), being of themselves ashamed, may be brought to know how the Saviour has advised (men) first to take away the beam, then to behold clearly the mote that is in thy brother's eye. …
Translation