Theophylact of Ohrid

Here is yet another cunning device of the devil that turned against himself. Namely, he proclaims the sedition of Jesus in the writings of three languages, so that every passerby would know that He was hanged for claiming to be a king. But the one inventive in evil did not understand that this was a sign that the mightiest of nations, such as the Romans, and the wisest, such as the Greeks, and the most devout, such as the Jews, would enter the Kingdom of Jesus and would preach Him. …

Commentary on Luke ↗

Ambrose of Milan

However, a title is written and placed above the cross, not beneath the cross; for the beginning is on his shoulders. And what is the beginning, if not his eternal power and divinity? Therefore, when he was asked who he was, he replied: The beginning, who also speak to you. Let us read this title: Jesus, he says, the Nazarene, king of the Jews. The title is rightly placed above the cross; because the kingdom that Christ has is not of a human body, but of divine power. …

Exposition Of The Gospel Of Luke 10.112-13 ↗

Bede

There was also an inscription written above him in Greek, Latin, and Hebrew letters: This is the king of the Jews. Appropriately, the title which testifies to Christ as king is placed not below but above the cross, because although he suffered on the cross in human weakness for us, he shone above the cross with the majesty of the king. …

On the Gospel of Luke ↗

Bonaventure

First therefore, as regards the inscription of the judge, he says: And there was also an inscription written over him in Greek and Latin and Hebrew letters: This is the King of the Jews. Pilate placed this inscription by way of a title, in which he intended to inscribe the cause of his passion; whence Mark chapter fifteen: "And the title of his charge was inscribed: King of the Jews"; in which is shown the cause why he was crucified according to truth, but the Jews did not accept it; whence John chapter nineteen: "Many of the Jews …

Commentary on Luke, Chapter 23 ↗