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Translation
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What the Fathers say
Eastern Fathers
Basil of Caesarea
By saying, with all thy mind, he does not admit of any division of love to other things, for whatever love you cast on lower things necessarily takes away from the whole. For as a vessel full of liquid, whatever flows therefrom must so much diminish its fulness; so also the soul, whatever love it has wasted upon things unlawful, has so much lessened its love to God. (Reg. fus. ad int. 2.) But if any one ask how the love of God is to be obtained, we are sure that the love of God cannot be taught. …
Cyril of Alexandria
For there were in fact certain men who then went about the whole country of the Jews bringing charges against Christ, and saying that He spoke of the commands of Moses as useless, and Himself introduced certain strange doctrines. A lawyer then, wishing to entrap Christ into saying something against Moses, comes and tempts Him, calling Him Master, though not bearing to be His disciple. And because our Lord was wont to speak to those who came to Him concerning eternal life, the lawyer adopts this kind of language.
Theophylact of Ohrid
This lawyer was a boastful man, very arrogant, as is evident from what follows, and moreover crafty. Therefore he approaches the Lord, testing Him, probably thinking that he would trap the Lord in His answers. But the Lord points him to that very Law in which he greatly prided himself.
Western Saints
Ambrose of Milan
For he was one of those who think themselves skilled in the law, and who keep the letter of the law, while they know nothing of its spirit. From a part of the law itself our Lord proves them to be ignorant of the law, showing that at the very first the law preached the Father and the Son, and announced the sacraments of the Lord's Incarnation; for it follows, And he answering said, Thou shall love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy strength, and with all thy mind.
Bede
And behold, a certain lawyer stood up, tempting him, and saying: Master, what shall I do to possess eternal life? The lawyer, who tests the Lord by asking about eternal life, as I think, took the occasion of testing from the very words of the Lord, where he said: But rejoice, because your names are written in heaven. But by his very temptation he declares how true is that confession of the Lord, with which he speaks to the Father: You have hidden these things from the wise and prudent, and have revealed them to little children.
Bonaventure
The second part treats of the form of living given to the disciples in two ways. And behold, a certain lawyer etc. After the Evangelist described the form of preaching, here secondly he introduces the form of living. Now one can be instructed in right living in two ways, namely by word and by example; therefore the Evangelist first sets forth for instruction the divine precept; and secondly subjoins a human example, at that passage: It came to pass, as they went, he entered etc. …
Translation