Fathers

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What the Fathers say

John 6:33

Eastern Fathers

John Chrysostom

"The bread of God is He which cometh down from heaven, and giveth life unto the world." Not, saith He, to Jews alone, but to all the "world," not mere food, but "life," another and an altered "life." He calleth it "life," because they all were dead in sins. Yet they still kept downward bent, saying, "Give us this bread." Then He, to rebuke them, because while they supposed that the food was material they ran to Him, but not when they learned that it was a spiritual kind.

Homily on the Gospel of John 45 ↗

Cyril of Alexandria

It was needful not only to remove Moses from God-befitting Authority, according to their conception, and to shew that he was a minister of that miraculous working, rather than the bestower of it, but also to lessen the wonder though miraculously wrought, and to shew that it was nothing at all in comparison with the greater. For imagine Christ calling out something like this, The great things, sirs, do ye reckon among the little and meanest, and the beneficence of the Lord of all ye have meted out with most petty limits. …

Commentary on the Gospel of John ↗

Theophylact of Ohrid

He calls Himself the true bread not because the manna was false, but because it was an image and a shadow, and not the truth itself. For the Only-begotten Son of God, having become Man, is in the proper sense "Manna," an astonishing word and hearing. Manna means: "What is this?" For the Hebrews, each one having seen it fallen in abundance around his tent, struck by the extraordinariness and strangeness of the sight, asked one another: what is this? …

Commentary on John ↗

Western Saints

Thomas Aquinas

When he says, For the true bread is that which descends from heaven, and gives life to the world, he proves that it is from heaven by its effect. For the true heaven is spiritual in nature, and has life by its own essence; therefore, of itself, it gives life: "It is the spirit that gives life" (below 6:64). Now God himself is the author of life. Therefore, we know that this spiritual bread is from heaven when it produces its proper effect, if it gives life. …

Commentary on John ↗

Bonaventure

"For the true bread is that which descends from heaven and gives life to the world": and this bread was not the manna, but Christ: below in chapter 10: "I came that they may have life and have it more abundantly." "To descend from heaven," this is to come into flesh; whence Augustine says: "The Word, which was the bread of Angels, when it descended into flesh, was turned into milk for little ones."

Commentary on John, Chapter 6 ↗

Alcuin of York

Who by the humanity, which was assumed, came down from heaven, and by the divinity, which assumed it, gives life to the world.

Catena Aurea by Aquinas ↗