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Translation
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What the Fathers say
Eastern Fathers
John Chrysostom
"For God giveth not the Spirit by measure." Again, as I said, he brings down his discourse to lower ground, varying it and making it suitable to be received by those who heard it then; otherwise he could not have raised them and increased their fear. For had he spoken anything great and sublime concerning Jesus Himself, they would not have believed, but might even have despised Him. Therefore he leads up all to the Father, speaking for a while of Christ as of a man. …
Cyril of Alexandria
The Father then knoweth that His own Son is in Him the Same by Nature (for this I suppose the words, are One, signify, and nothing else), and acknowledgeth Him as Son not creature; Son I mean of His own Essence, and not honoured with the bare name of Sonship. For He knows that He is the Exact Image of His own Proper Self, so that He is perfectly seen in Him, and depicts in Himself Him That by Nature Ineffably beamed forth from Him, and hath in Himself the Son, is again in the Son, by reason of Sameness of Essence. …
Theophylact of Ohrid
And rightly so. "For all others," he says, "received the power of the Spirit by measure, but to Christ Himself He gave not by measure some one or two powers, but He essentially possesses the entire Spirit." Thus, to the prophets God both gives the Spirit, that is, the power of the Spirit, and gives it by measure; but to Christ He does not give either by measure or without measure, for Christ possesses Him essentially. Hearing that He was "sent," understand it thus: that He was sent from the Father, as a ray from the sun. …
Western Saints
Augustine of Hippo
"For He whom God hath sent speaketh the words of God." Himself is the true God, and God sent Him: God sent God. Join both, one God, true God sent by God. Ask concerning them singly, He is God; ask concerning them both, they are God. Not individually God, and both Gods; but each individual God, and both God. …
Thomas Aquinas
Then immediately he adds a commendation of divine truth, saying, For the One whom God sends speaks the words of God. As if to say: He has given this as a sign, namely, that Christ, whose testimony he accepts, the One whom God sends speaks the words of God. Consequently, one who believes Christ believes the Father: "I speak to the world what I have heard from the Father" (below 8:26). …
Bonaventure
"For he whom God has sent speaks the words of God": and thus he is truthful, just as God; in chapter 7: "If anyone wills to do the will of God, he will know concerning the doctrine, whether it is from God, or whether I speak of myself." "For not by measure does God give the Spirit." Here he places Christ above himself in excellence of grace, because he excels all in grace, and this excellence is the reason for the foregoing. …
Translation