Gregory the Dialogist

ALLEGORICAL INTERPRETATION. And the Lord said unto Satan, Behold, he is in thine hand, but save his life. What fool even would believe that the Creator of all things was given up into 'the hands of Satan?' Yet who that is instructed by the Truth can be ignorant that of that very Satan all they are members who are joined unto him by living frowardly? Thus Pilate shewed himself a member of him, who, even to the extremity of putting Him to death, knew not the Lord when He came for our Redemption. …

Morals on the Book of Job, Book III ↗

Thomas Aquinas

Therefore the Lord willed to show that Job had not served God for the health of the body, just as he had already shown that Job did not serve him because of exterior goods, and so the text adds, "The Lord said to Satan: Behold, he is in your hand," i.e., I commit power to you to afflict him in body, "only spare his life," i.e., do not cannot take away life from him. For God does not totally expose his servants to the will of Satan, but according to a fitting measure, as St. …

Commentary on Job ↗