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What the Fathers say
Eastern Fathers
John Chrysostom
"Be not carried about with divers and strange doctrines." "Strange," that is, different from those ye heard from us; "Divers" that is, of all sorts: for they have no stability, but are different one from another. For especially manifold is the doctrine of meats. "For it is a good thing that the heart be established with grace; not with meats." These are the "divers," these the "strange" doctrines: especially as Christ has said, "not that which entereth into the mouth defileth the man, but that which cometh out." (Matt. xv. …
Theophylact of Ohrid
"Various," meaning now some, now others, and from some and from others, but foreign to right doctrine. For teaching may be "various," yet not "foreign," and therefore not counterfeit. But when teachings are various, that is, from one person one thing and from another something different, then they are also "foreign," that is, foreign to the truth, and then one must be on guard. For the truth is simple and has one aim. …
Oecumenius
"diverse and strange teachings." Paul says, do not be led astray by teachings that go beyond doctrines, neither different nor strange ones. For the doctrine itself is also recognizable; but to be carried away, as from the metaphor of those who are mad, who are carried here and there, has been said. "for it is good for the heart to be strengthened by grace." For the heart established by the grace of God will not be led astray by diverse and strange teachings, but will keep to the truth. …
Western Saints
Thomas Aquinas
After exhorting them to follow the example and manner of life of those who have departed, the Apostle now warns them to continue in their teaching. In regard to this he does two things: first, he gives the warning; secondly, the reason (v. 10). In regard to the first he does two things: first, he warns them in general; secondly, he explains the warning (v. 9b). He says, therefore: Do not be led away by diverse and strange teachings. As if to say: Thus we have said that you should imitate the faith of the apostles. …
Bonaventure
The use of grace ought to be manly in itself. Whence the Apostle to the Hebrews: "It is best to establish the heart with grace," he does not say the stomach. At other times you have labored to strengthen your bodies. He who wishes to have strong arms must exercise himself in works of strength. Similarly, he who wishes to have stabilizing grace must exercise himself in works of virtue.
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