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What the Fathers say
Eastern Fathers
John Chrysostom
Which is the cause of all evils, "provoking one another" to contentions and strife, "envying one another," for from vainglory comes envy and from envy all these countless evils.
Theophylact of Ohrid
He shows by this that the deceivers took up this matter out of vainglory (for this is the cause of all evils), provoking one another to argument and strife; just as if someone were to say to his opponent: if you are strong, let us measure our strength against each other. And since envy arises from vainglory, he forbids it as well.
Oecumenius
"Let us not become conceited." For this is the source of all evils. "provoking one another." Clearly into quarrels. "envying one another." For envy comes from conceit, and from envy, countless evils.
Western Saints
Jerome
We will not become empty glory-seekers, provoking one another, envying one another. The Greek word κενόδοξοι, translated by the Latin interpreter through a circuit of three words, expresses how many definitions and meanings glory has, as well as the countless books by philosophers and the two volumes written by Cicero on the subject. …
Thomas Aquinas
But lest the things said of the spirit be understood of the spirit of the world—concerning which it is said in 1 Corinthians (2:12): "We have received not the spirit of this world"—the Apostle forestalls this when he says, "Let us not be made desirous of vainglory, provoking one another, envying one another". Here he excludes things proper to the spirit of the world, namely, vainglory, anger and envy, all three of which are aptly described by the word "spirit." For "spirit" denotes a swelling. …
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