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Translation
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What the Fathers say
Eastern Fathers
Theophylact of Ohrid
And by nature this is, he says, just, and it is commanded by the law. But how does he say that this is the first commandment? For this is not the first commandment, but rather: "thou shalt not kill, thou shalt not commit adultery." But notice that he added: "with a promise." For those first commandments do not speak of a promise and a reward, because they contain a prohibition of evil, not a command to do good; and there is no reward for one who merely abstains from evil. …
Western Saints
Jerome
A promise is attached to this commandment.… It is found in the Decalogue. It is the first command in the second table of the law. It was given to the people as they were leaving Egypt.
Thomas Aquinas
Honor implies a manifestation of reverence to those who are over us; and since we have parents over us, the word "honor" is used. Hence he affirms: for this is just, honor your father and your mother. "He who honors his father shall enjoy a long life; and he who obeys his father shall be a comfort to his mother" (Sirach 3:7). That children ought to honor their parents is to be understood in three ways. …
Bonaventure
By reason of governance, the honor of obedience is owed to the father; whence the Apostle to the Ephesians: Children, obey your parents, for this is just. Honor your father and your mother: which is the first commandment with a promise, that it may be well with you, and that you may be long-lived upon the earth.
Translation