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What the Fathers say
Eastern Fathers
John Chrysostom
And who is this brother? Some indeed say, Luke, because of the history which he wrote, but some, Barnabas; for he calls the unwritten preaching also Gospel. And for what cause does he not mention their names; whilst he both makes Titus known by name, and praises him for his cooperation in the Gospel, (seeing that he was so useful that by reason of his absence even Paul could do nothing great and noble; for, "because I found not Titus my brother, I had no relief for my spirit,") and for his love towards them, (for, saith he, "his …
Theophylact of Ohrid
Some understand this to mean Luke, on account of the Gospel written by him; others, Barnabas, since the apostle calls even unwritten preaching "the gospel." He does not expand in praises of him as he does of Titus, because he was not known to the Corinthians, whereas Titus was well known to them. Nevertheless, he weaves sufficient praise for him as well; for he does not simply say that he preaches the Gospel, but that he is "praised," not in two or three, but in all the churches.
Ignatius of Antioch
It is better for a man to be silent and be [a Christian], than to talk and not to be one. "The kingdom of God is not in word, but in power." Men "believe with the heart, and confess with the mouth," the one "unto righteousness," the other "unto salvation." It is good to teach, if he who speaks also acts. …
Western Saints
Thomas Aquinas
Then when he says, "With him we are sending the brother," he treats of the second minister. In regard to this he does two things. First, he commends him; secondly, he gives the reason why he is sending such earnest messengers (v. 20). This brother, according to some, is Luke, and according to others, Barnabas. Whoever it is, he recommends him on three points, namely, on his reputation, because of his fame, that is, Luke's, is in the gospel written by him among all the churches, because it was approved by the apostles. …
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