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What the Fathers say
Eastern Fathers
John Chrysostom
"But after thy hardness and impenitent heart treasurest up unto thyself wrath." For when a man is neither to be softened by goodness nor to be turned back by fear, what can be harder than such an one? For after that he had showed the goodness of God towards men, he then shows His vengeance that it is unbearable for him who does not even so return to repentance. And observe with what propriety he uses the words! …
Theophylact of Ohrid
"You are storing up," he says, "wrath for yourself" — God is not storing it up for you, but you yourself are storing it up for yourself. How so? By your unyielding and hardened heart toward good. For what can be harder than you, when you are neither softened by kindness nor moved by fear? Then, having spoken of the day of wrath, he adds: "of the revelation of the righteous judgment from God." And rightly so, lest anyone consider the judgment to be an act of wrath. Revelation, he says, of all things.
Irenaeus
...from whom those who believe God and follow His word receive that salvation which flows from Him. Those, on the other hand, who depart from Him, and despise His precepts, and by their deeds bring dishonour on Him who made them, and by their opinions blaspheme Him who nourishes them, heap up against themselves most righteous judgment.
Western Saints
Thomas Aquinas
Then when he says but according to your hardness, he shows the danger of contempt, because it is not softened by the blessings of God's goodness: a hard heart will be afflicted at the end (Sir 4:26); and impenitent heart, which is not moved to repent by God's forbearance and patience: no man repents of his wickedness (Isa 8:6), you treasure up to yourself wrath, i.e., you are multiplying the debt of punishment: you have laid up a treasure of wrath for the last days (Jas 5:3). …
Bernard of Clairvaux
Woe also to those who are of Adam, who, born children of wrath, by diabolical obstinacy turn for themselves wrath into fury, the rod into a staff, nay into a hammer. For indeed they treasure up wrath for themselves in the day of wrath. But wrath accumulated—what is it but fury? They have sinned the sin of the devil, and they are struck down by the sentence of the devil.
Bonaventure
The Apostle to the Romans: "Do you not know that the kindness of God leads you to repentance? But according to your hardness and impenitent heart, you treasure up for yourself wrath on the day of wrath and of the revelation of the just judgment of God."
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