John Chrysostom

The Lord would not suffer under a roof, or in the Jewish Temple, that you should not suppose that He was offered for that people alone; but without the city, without the walls, that you might know that the sacrifice was common, that it was the offering of the whole earth, that the purification was general.

Catena Aurea by Aquinas ↗

Theophylact of Ohrid

And when they were come unto a place called Golgotha, which means, a place of a skull. It was called "a place of a skull," because those who have learned from the tradition of the fathers say that Adam was buried there; it was necessary that all we who had died in Adam were thus made alive in Christ (1 Cor. 15:22).

Commentary on Matthew ↗

Jerome

And they came to a place called Golgotha, which is the place of Calvary. I have heard someone explain the place of Calvary, where Adam was buried, and therefore it is called that because there the head of the ancient man is buried, and this is what the Apostle says: Awake, you who sleep, and arise from the dead, and Christ will give you light. A favorable interpretation that pleases the ears of the people, but not true. …

Commentary on Matthew ↗

Hilary of Poitiers

Such is the place of the cross, set up in the centre of the earth, that it might be equally free to all nations to attain the knowledge of God.

Catena Aurea by Aquinas ↗

Thomas Aquinas

Then the place is set forth: "and they came to the place that is called Golgotha, which is the place of Calvary." Calvary means among men a bare place, as is evident in cemeteries. Hence in Greek it is called "cranios." And some say that in that place Adam was buried. Jerome rejects this, because Adam was buried in Hebron, as is found in Joshua 14. And why did he suffer there? It should be noted that in every city there is some place where the condemned are accustomed to be tortured: hence there was the place of the condemned.

Commentary on Matthew ↗