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What the Fathers say
Eastern Fathers
Cyril of Alexandria
The disciples did not as yet know exactly what the Prophets had foretold, but after He rose again, He opened their understanding that they should understand the Scriptures. (Luke 24:25.)
Theophylact of Ohrid
However, He spoke of this, but the disciples did not understand anything at the time. For "these words were hidden from them," especially the words about the Resurrection. They did not understand the other words either, for example, about His being delivered to the Gentiles; but the words about the resurrection they decidedly did not understand, because they were not in common use. And not all the Judaizers believed even in the general resurrection, as is evident from the Sadducees (Matt. 22:23). …
Western Saints
Gregory the Dialogist
But because the disciples, still carnal, were by no means able to grasp the words of the mystery, a miracle is performed. Before their eyes a blind man receives light, so that those who could not grasp the words of the heavenly mystery might be strengthened in faith by heavenly deeds.
Bede
And they understood none of these things. And this saying was hidden from them, and they did not comprehend what was said. We read in the Gospel according to John, the Lord saying: "And I, if I am lifted up from the earth, will draw all men to Myself." The crowd answered and said: "We have heard from the Law that the Christ remains forever. And how can you say, 'The Son of Man must be lifted up'?" (John 12). …
Bonaventure
Fourth, as regards the blindness of the human heart, he adds: And they understood none of these things, because they did not attend to this truth: Psalm: "They neither knew nor understood; they walk in darkness." And in this they bear the figure of ignorant prelates, who are ignorant of the teachings of the Scriptures, according to that passage in Isaiah 56: "The shepherds themselves knew not understanding." — And this word was hidden from them, because they did not seek out this truth, being as it were animal and sensual: Job 28: …
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