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What the Fathers say
Eastern Fathers
Cyril of Alexandria
The narrative does not herein contain the simple relation of the madness of the Jews: for the Evangelist does not show only that they persecute Him, but why they blush not to do this, saying most emphatically, Because He was doing these things on the sabbath day. …
Theophylact of Ohrid
If the Jews began to persecute the Lord, how is this man at fault for telling them about Him? He proclaimed the Healer with a good intention, so that he might also draw others to faith. But if they began to persecute the Benefactor, that is their fault.
Irenaeus
For the tradition of the elders themselves, which they pretended to observe from the law, was contrary to the law given by Moses. Wherefore also Esaias declares: "Thy dealers mix the wine with water," showing that the elders were in the habit of mingling a watered tradition with the simple command of God; that is, they set up a spurious law, and one contrary to the [true] law; as also the Lord made plain, when He said to them, "Why do ye transgress the commandment of God, for the sake of your tradition?" For not only by actual …
Western Saints
Augustine of Hippo
This announcement enraged them, And therefore did the Jews persecute Jesus, because He had done these things on the sabbath day. A plain bodily work had been done before their eyes, distinct from the healing of the man's body, and which could not have been necessary, even if healing was; viz. the carrying of the bed. …
Thomas Aquinas
Next (v 16), we have the persecution of Christ, begun because he performed a work of mercy on the Sabbath. Thus the Evangelist says, For reasons like this the Jews began to persecute Jesus, because he performed such works on the Sabbath. "Princes have persecuted me without cause" (Ps 118:161).
Bonaventure
"For this reason the Jews persecuted Jesus, because he did these things on the Sabbath." For he seemed to wish to destroy their Law and to oppose the Lord, who had given the commandment concerning the keeping of the Sabbath: below in the ninth chapter: "This man is not from God, who does not keep the Sabbath": Luke 6: "The scribes and Pharisees were watching Jesus, whether he would heal on the Sabbath." Likewise it is asked whether the Lord dissolved the commandment concerning the Sabbath with respect to ceremonial observance. …
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