Fathers

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What the Fathers say

Isaiah 48:4

Western Saints

Jerome

Behold, you have heard all things that are to come, and yet you conceal the truth in silence. I do not speak of past events, in which my power has often been proven, such as when I led the people out of Egypt, drowned the Egyptians in the Red Sea, gave them the promised land, and subjected various nations to you. But I announce the new things that I am going to do against Babylon, so that the impudence of your mouth may be refuted, you who claim to know what you do not know. …

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Thomas Aquinas

And he sets out the reason for this, which is taken from their condition, which he sets out first: for I knew, from eternity; stubborn toward coming to your senses from evils; your neck, that is, the stiff-necked obstinacy of your own understanding; an iron sinew, which cannot be bent; your forehead as brass, because of your immodesty: you stiff-necked (Acts 7:51); for I know your obstinacy, and your most stiff neck (Deut 31:27); you had a harlot's forehead (Jer 3:3).

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