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What the Fathers say

Isaiah 40:5

Eastern Fathers

Cyril of Alexandria

And this is the Lord of glory, and we too have come to know his glory. However, those of old did not see it when he showed himself during the dispensation in which he was made man, equal to God the Father in strength, operation and glory, bearing all things by the word of his power and with great tranquillity performing godly works, enhancing creation, raising the dead and performing other deeds of wonder effortlessly. For the glory of the Lord appeared, and all flesh saw the salvation of God, that is, of the Father. …

Commentary On Isaiah 3:4.40:3-5 ↗

Western Saints

Gregory the Dialogist

"And all flesh shall see the salvation of God." Because by "all flesh" is meant every person, not every person was able to see the salvation of God, namely Christ, in this life. Where then does the prophet direct the eye of prophecy in this statement except to the day of the last judgment? …

40 Homilies on the Gospels, Homily 20 ↗

Thomas Aquinas

He shows the utility of the preparation: and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, that is, the Son: I will cure them: and I will reveal to them the prayer of peace (Jer 33:6); all flesh together shall see, that is, he will make himself visible to all, or he speaks of the day of judgment: every eye shall see him: and they also that pierced him (Rev 1:7). Others explain: the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, in the destruction of the Chaldees, through which he will appear glorious.

Commentary on Isaiah ↗