Fathers

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What the Fathers say

Isaiah 40:13

Western Saints

Ambrose of Milan

"Yet to us there is but one God, the Father, of whom are all things, and we to him; and one Lord Jesus Christ, through whom are all things, and we through him." … The apostle says according to the prophecy of Isaiah, "Who has known the mind of the Lord, or who has been his counselor?" And he added, "For him and through him and in him are all things," which Isaiah said of the artificer of all, as you have it. …

On the Holy Spirit 2.9.85, 90-91 ↗

Jerome

Who has directed the Spirit of the Lord, or instructed him as his counselor? Whom did he consult to enlighten him, and who taught him the right way? Who was it that taught him knowledge, or showed him the path of understanding? LXX: Who has measured the Spirit of the Lord, or what man shows him his counsel? Whom did he consult, and who made him understand? Who taught him the path of justice, and taught him knowledge, and showed him the way of understanding? …

Commentary on Isaiah ↗

Thomas Aquinas

Second, he shows the sufficiency of his power, that he needs no helper: who has forwarded, against the philosophers who posit that the last creatures were created by the mediation of the first creatures; of his wisdom, that he needs no counsel: or who has been his counsellor, that he would give the Lord counsel. The Spirit of the Lord is helped not in creation, but in justification, Augustine: he who created you without you, will not justify you without you. …

Commentary on Isaiah ↗