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What the Fathers say
Eastern Fathers
John Chrysostom
Even the miracles done by themselves, he says, declare the power of Faith, but I shall attempt if you will suffer me to draw my proofs from ancient narratives also. Then, as they made great account of the Patriarch, he brings his example forward, and shows that he too was justified by Faith. And if he who was before grace, was justified by Faith, although plentiful in works, much more we. For what loss was it to him, not being under the Law? None, for his faith sufficed unto righteousness. …
Theophylact of Ohrid
Although, he says, you ought to have learned the power of faith primarily from the fact that you performed signs, yet if you also turn your attention to the forefather, about whom you speak so much, you will find that he too was justified by faith. And if one who lived before grace is justified by faith, then all the more must those who have been deemed worthy of grace hold fast to faith.
Oecumenius
Moreover, do not be unbelieving toward the forefather Abraham, for he too was justified by faith.
Western Saints
Jerome
Just as Abraham believed God, and it was counted to him as righteousness. From this place until where it is written: Those who are of faith are blessed with faithful Abraham, Marcion erased from his Apostle. But what profit was there in embracing this, when the other things he left behind, his insanities, are opposed to it? Yet Abraham believed God, going out from his country into a land he did not know (Gen. …
Thomas Aquinas
Having proved by experience the power of the faith and the insufficiency of the Law, the Apostle now proves the same things by authority and by reasons. First, he proves the power of the faith to justify; Secondly, in this he proves the insufficiency of the Law (v. 10). The first he proves by using a syllogism. Hence with respect to this he does three things: First, he proves the minor premise; Secondly, the major premise (v. 8); Thirdly, he draws the conclusion (v. 9). …
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