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What the Fathers say
Eastern Fathers
John Chrysostom
"Finally then, brethren, we beseech and exhort you in the Lord Jesus, that, as ye received of us how ye ought to walk and to please God, so ye abound more and more. For ye know what charge we gave you through the Lord Jesus Christ." When he has met what was pressing, and what was upon his hands, and is about henceforth to enter upon things that are perpetual, and which they ought continually to hear, he adds this expression, "finally," that is, always and forever. "We beseech and exhort you in the Lord." Strange! …
Theophylact of Ohrid
After I have told you, he says, about what is fitting to hear, next listen about what is always necessary to hear. "Furthermore" is what this means, that is, always and unceasingly. See what humility: he does not consider himself worthy of belief, even in matters of exhortation, but offers the word from Christ, saying: Christ exhorts you through me. The word "having received" refers not to words only, but also to deeds, for he taught by deeds as well. About what then do we beseech? …
Western Saints
Thomas Aquinas
Earlier, the Apostle Paul commended the faithful for their loyalty in the face of trials and for other good practices; here Paul cautions them to act well in the future. First, Paul presents a general warning; secondly, Paul makes it more specific (4:3). In regard to the first point, Paul does two things. First he presents what he is intent upon; secondly, he indicates a reason for the warning (4:1b). So Paul says: I heard about your good practices of the past, but in the future we will continue to exhort you. …
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