Fathers

Hebrews 5

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For every high priest taken from among men is ordained for men in things pertaining to God, that he may offer both gifts and sacrifices for sins: Who can have compassion on the ignorant, and on them that are out of the way; for that he himself also is compassed with infirmity. And by reason hereof he ought, as for the people, so also for himself, to offer for sins. And no man taketh this honour unto himself, but he that is called of God, as was Aaron. So also Christ glorified not himself to be made an high priest; but he that said unto him, Thou art my Son, to day have I begotten thee. As he saith also in another place, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchisedec. Who in the days of his flesh, when he had offered up prayers and supplications with strong crying and tears unto him that was able to save him from death, and was heard in that he feared; Though he were a Son, yet learned he obedience by the things which he suffered; And being made perfect, he became the author of eternal salvation unto all them that obey him; Called of God an high priest after the order of Melchisedec. Of whom we have many things to say, and hard to be uttered, seeing ye are dull of hearing. For when for the time ye ought to be teachers, ye have need that one teach you again which be the first principles of the oracles of God; and are become such as have need of milk, and not of strong meat. For every one that useth milk is unskilful in the word of righteousness: for he is a babe. But strong meat belongeth to them that are of full age, even those who by reason of use have their senses exercised to discern both good and evil.

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What the Fathers say

Hebrews 5:9

Eastern Fathers

John Chrysostom

"Being called," he says, "of God an High Priest after the order of Melchisedech": "Of whom we have many things to say and hard to be uttered or explained." When he was about to proceed to the difference of the Priesthood, he first reproves them, pointing out both that such great condescension was "milk," and that it was because they were children that he dwelt longer on the lowly subject, relating to the flesh, and speaks about Him as about any righteous man. …

Homily on Hebrews 8 ↗

Theophylact of Ohrid

So, perfection is achieved through sufferings. Why then should you be indignant at the misfortunes which perfect you? That is, He not only saved Himself, but also brought salvation to others: and not temporary salvation, such as in wars, but eternal. For whom? – "to those who obey Him." How then are you disobedient and in danger of losing salvation? Do you see that the apostle gave this entire discourse such a form because of the faintheartedness of his listeners? Moreover, observe here also something lofty. …

Commentary on Hebrews ↗

Oecumenius

"And having been made perfected." This then is perfection among men, to attain perfection through sufferings. And he has spoken all things becoming of a man, behold, also becoming of God; "he became the source of eternal salvation for all who obey him." That is, not only was he himself saved, but he also brought salvation to others; and not temporary, derived from wars, but eternal. To whom is this? To those who obey. How then do you disobey and risk falling away from the grace? …

The Pseudo-Oecumenian Catena on Hebrews ↗

Western Saints

Thomas Aquinas

260. – Then when he says, and being made perfect he became the source of eternal salvation to all who obey him, he mentions the fruit of His Passion, namely, in Christ and in His members. In Christ the fruit was glorification; hence, he says, and being made perfect, for from the instant of His conception He was perfectly consummated as to the happiness of His soul, inasmuch as it was drawn to God; but he still had a nature that could suffer, although after His Passion He could not suffer. …

Commentary on Hebrews ↗