Fathers

Hebrews 13

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Let brotherly love continue. Be not forgetful to entertain strangers: for thereby some have entertained angels unawares. Remember them that are in bonds, as bound with them; and them which suffer adversity, as being yourselves also in the body. Marriage is honourable in all, and the bed undefiled: but whoremongers and adulterers God will judge. Let your conversation be without covetousness; and be content with such things as ye have: for he hath said, I will never leave thee, nor forsake thee. So that we may boldly say, The Lord is my helper, and I will not fear what man shall do unto me. Remember them which have the rule over you, who have spoken unto you the word of God: whose faith follow, considering the end of their conversation. Jesus Christ the same yesterday, and to day, and for ever. Be not carried about with divers and strange doctrines. For it is a good thing that the heart be established with grace; not with meats, which have not profited them that have been occupied therein. We have an altar, whereof they have no right to eat which serve the tabernacle. For the bodies of those beasts, whose blood is brought into the sanctuary by the high priest for sin, are burned without the camp. Wherefore Jesus also, that he might sanctify the people with his own blood, suffered without the gate. Let us go forth therefore unto him without the camp, bearing his reproach. For here have we no continuing city, but we seek one to come. By him therefore let us offer the sacrifice of praise to God continually, that is, the fruit of our lips giving thanks to his name. But to do good and to communicate forget not: for with such sacrifices God is well pleased. Obey them that have the rule over you, and submit yourselves: for they watch for your souls, as they that must give account, that they may do it with joy, and not with grief: for that is unprofitable for you. Pray for us: for we trust we have a good conscience, in all things willing to live honestly. But I beseech you the rather to do this, that I may be restored to you the sooner. Now the God of peace, that brought again from the dead our Lord Jesus, that great shepherd of the sheep, through the blood of the everlasting covenant, Make you perfect in every good work to do his will, working in you that which is wellpleasing in his sight, through Jesus Christ; to whom be glory for ever and ever. Amen. And I beseech you, brethren, suffer the word of exhortation: for I have written a letter unto you in few words. Know ye that our brother Timothy is set at liberty; with whom, if he come shortly, I will see you. Salute all them that have the rule over you, and all the saints. They of Italy salute you. Grace be with you all. Amen.

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What the Fathers say

Hebrews 13:24

Eastern Fathers

John Chrysostom

"Salute all them that have the rule over you, and all the saints. They of Italy salute you. Grace be with you all. Amen." "Salute them that have the rule over you, and all the saints." See how he honored them, since he wrote to them instead of to those (their rulers). "They of Italy salute you. Grace be with you all. Amen." Which was for them all in common. But how does "Grace" come to be "with" us? If we do not do despite to the benefit, if we do not become indolent in regard to the Gift. And what is "the grace"? …

Homily on Hebrews 34 ↗

Theophylact of Ohrid

See what honor he bestows upon them, if he even greets the teachers through them; for it would have been more fitting for him to write the epistle to the teachers and through them greet those under their charge. By this he very wisely ministers especially to the weak. I am so attached to you that not only do I myself greet you, but I inspire such affection for you in others as well, so that they too, despite such a great distance, love you, and therefore send their greetings.

Commentary on Hebrews ↗

Oecumenius

"Greet all your leaders." See how Paul honors them, for he addresses the leaders through them; for it was more fitting to command the leaders and to address the ones being led through them; but he wisely heals the weaker ones. "Those from Italy greet you." Therefore, I am so filled with you that not only do I greet you myself, but I also establish such a longing towards you in others, that even from such a distance they desire you, and for this reason, they greet you.

The Pseudo-Oecumenian Catena on Hebrews ↗

Western Saints

Thomas Aquinas

Then he gives the greeting: first, he asks them to greet the others, saying, Greet all your prelates, i.e., the apostles still living, and all the saints, namely, the other disciples. But he does not write to them, because his intention was to write only against the observances of the Law. Therefore, because this epistle is instructive, it was not his intention to instruct the apostles, who preceded him in the faith. Secondly, he salutes them on the part of the others, saying, The brethren from Italy send you greetings. …

Commentary on Hebrews ↗