Fathers

Hebrews 1

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God, who at sundry times and in divers manners spake in time past unto the fathers by the prophets, Hath in these last days spoken unto us by his Son, whom he hath appointed heir of all things, by whom also he made the worlds; Who being the brightness of his glory, and the express image of his person, and upholding all things by the word of his power, when he had by himself purged our sins, sat down on the right hand of the Majesty on high; Being made so much better than the angels, as he hath by inheritance obtained a more excellent name than they. For unto which of the angels said he at any time, Thou art my Son, this day have I begotten thee? And again, I will be to him a Father, and he shall be to me a Son? And again, when he bringeth in the firstbegotten into the world, he saith, And let all the angels of God worship him. And of the angels he saith, Who maketh his angels spirits, and his ministers a flame of fire. But unto the Son he saith, Thy throne, O God, is for ever and ever: a sceptre of righteousness is the sceptre of thy kingdom. Thou hast loved righteousness, and hated iniquity; therefore God, even thy God, hath anointed thee with the oil of gladness above thy fellows. And, Thou, Lord, in the beginning hast laid the foundation of the earth; and the heavens are the works of thine hands: They shall perish; but thou remainest; and they all shall wax old as doth a garment; And as a vesture shalt thou fold them up, and they shall be changed: but thou art the same, and thy years shall not fail. But to which of the angels said he at any time, Sit on my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool? Are they not all ministering spirits, sent forth to minister for them who shall be heirs of salvation?

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What the Fathers say

Hebrews 1:8

Eastern Fathers

John Chrysostom

Didst thou see how what is created and what is begotten are not the same? For otherwise he would not have made the distinction, nor in contrast to the word, "He made" [etc.], have added, "But unto the Son He said, Thy throne, O God, is for ever and ever." Nor would he have called the name, "Son, a more excellent Name," if it is a sign of the same thing. For what is the excellence? For if that which is created, and that which is begotten be the same, and they [the Angels] were made, what is there [in Him] "more excellent"? Lo! …

Homily on Hebrews 3 ↗

Theophylact of Ohrid

Angels, he says, are created beings and creatures, for of them it is said: "You make." But the Son is not a creature: of Him it is not said: "You make"; but King, Master, God, a Throne is ascribed to Him, which is a sign of Kingship, and an eternal throne. This is against Paul of Samosata, who represents the true God and eternal King as a mere man; and against Arius. Here is another sign of the kingdom.

Commentary on Hebrews ↗

Oecumenius

Since the Son is not a creature, but a true offspring, He is no longer referred to as "who makes," (Heb. 1:13) as is said of the angels, but rather, "Your throne, O God, is forever." The throne, however, is a sign of royalty, but the scepter is of righteousness. "The scepter of righteousness." Behold, there is another symbol of royalty, the royal scepter, and the staff.

The Pseudo-Oecumenian Catena on Hebrews ↗

Western Saints

Thomas Aquinas

59. – Having proved by scriptural authority that the angels are spirits, the Apostle now proves this with a reason taken on the part of Christ. Hence, he intends here to prove Christ's royal dignity. He does two things: first, he commends Christ's royal dignity; secondly, he shows His fitness for it (v. 9b). In regard to the first he does three things: first, he commends Christ's royal dignity; secondly, the equity of His rule (v. 8b); thirdly, the goodness of His rule (v. 9a). 60. …

Commentary on Hebrews ↗