Fathers

1 Timothy 5

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Rebuke not an elder, but intreat him as a father; and the younger men as brethren; The elder women as mothers; the younger as sisters, with all purity. Honour widows that are widows indeed. But if any widow have children or nephews, let them learn first to shew piety at home, and to requite their parents: for that is good and acceptable before God. Now she that is a widow indeed, and desolate, trusteth in God, and continueth in supplications and prayers night and day. But she that liveth in pleasure is dead while she liveth. And these things give in charge, that they may be blameless. But if any provide not for his own, and specially for those of his own house, he hath denied the faith, and is worse than an infidel. Let not a widow be taken into the number under threescore years old, having been the wife of one man, Well reported of for good works; if she have brought up children, if she have lodged strangers, if she have washed the saints' feet, if she have relieved the afflicted, if she have diligently followed every good work. But the younger widows refuse: for when they have begun to wax wanton against Christ, they will marry; Having damnation, because they have cast off their first faith. And withal they learn to be idle, wandering about from house to house; and not only idle, but tattlers also and busybodies, speaking things which they ought not. I will therefore that the younger women marry, bear children, guide the house, give none occasion to the adversary to speak reproachfully. For some are already turned aside after Satan. If any man or woman that believeth have widows, let them relieve them, and let not the church be charged; that it may relieve them that are widows indeed. Let the elders that rule well be counted worthy of double honour, especially they who labour in the word and doctrine. For the scripture saith, Thou shalt not muzzle the ox that treadeth out the corn. And, The labourer is worthy of his reward. Against an elder receive not an accusation, but before two or three witnesses. Them that sin rebuke before all, that others also may fear. I charge thee before God, and the Lord Jesus Christ, and the elect angels, that thou observe these things without preferring one before another, doing nothing by partiality. Lay hands suddenly on no man, neither be partaker of other men's sins: keep thyself pure. Drink no longer water, but use a little wine for thy stomach's sake and thine often infirmities. Some men's sins are open beforehand, going before to judgment; and some men they follow after. Likewise also the good works of some are manifest beforehand; and they that are otherwise cannot be hid.

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What the Fathers say

1 Timothy 5:24

Eastern Fathers

John Chrysostom

"Some men's sins are open beforehand, going before to judgment; and some they follow after." In speaking of ordination, he had said, "Be not partaker of other men's sins." But what, he might say, if I be ignorant of them? Why, "some men's sins are open beforehand, going before them to judgment, and some they follow after." Some men's, he means, are manifest, because they go before, whilst others' are unknown, because they follow after. …

Homily on 1 Timothy 16 ↗

Theophylact of Ohrid

Since the apostle, while discussing ordination, said: "do not be a partaker in other men's sins" (1 Tim. 5:22), Timothy could justly object: but what shall I do if I do not know? In answer to this, the apostle says: some sin openly and publicly, which brings them to judgment, that is, as a result they are already condemned and contempt for them goes before them, as you yourself already know. But the sins of other people do not become evident at once, yet you can uncover them through investigation. …

Commentary on 1 Timothy ↗

Oecumenius

The sins of certain people are obvious, leading to judgment; and for some, they also follow. Likewise, good deeds are evident; and those that are otherwise cannot be hidden. Since he said above, "nor share in the sins of others," (1 Tim. 5:22) he resolves what was said as if in contrast. For what reason, Timothy would say, if I were to ignore the sins of the one being ordained, would I share in them? …

Commentary On 1 Timothy ↗

Western Saints

Augustine of Hippo

When it is clear with what intention they are committed, he calls them manifest sins, and these sins precede judgment. This means that if judgment follows them at once, it will not be rash judgment. But concealed sins follow judgment, because not even these will remain hidden in their proper time. And this is to be understood about good works as well.… On things that are manifest, therefore, let us pass judgment, but with regard to hidden things, let us leave the judgment to God. …

Sermon On The Mount 2.18.60 ↗

Thomas Aquinas

Then when he says, some men's sins are manifest, he explains how he should understand the two things he has said, namely, that in condemnation he should proceed without prejudice, and that he should not impose hands lightly. In regard to the first he says, some men's sins are manifest. As if to say: above I said, observe these things without prejudice; nevertheless, you should realize that some sins are notorious and need no examination; but some are hidden and require probing. …

Commentary on 1 Timothy ↗