Fathers

1 Timothy 2

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I exhort therefore, that, first of all, supplications, prayers, intercessions, and giving of thanks, be made for all men; For kings, and for all that are in authority; that we may lead a quiet and peaceable life in all godliness and honesty. For this is good and acceptable in the sight of God our Saviour; Who will have all men to be saved, and to come unto the knowledge of the truth. For there is one God, and one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus; Who gave himself a ransom for all, to be testified in due time. Whereunto I am ordained a preacher, and an apostle, (I speak the truth in Christ, and lie not;) a teacher of the Gentiles in faith and verity. I will therefore that men pray every where, lifting up holy hands, without wrath and doubting. In like manner also, that women adorn themselves in modest apparel, with shamefacedness and sobriety; not with broided hair, or gold, or pearls, or costly array; But (which becometh women professing godliness) with good works. Let the woman learn in silence with all subjection. But I suffer not a woman to teach, nor to usurp authority over the man, but to be in silence. For Adam was first formed, then Eve. And Adam was not deceived, but the woman being deceived was in the transgression. Notwithstanding she shall be saved in childbearing, if they continue in faith and charity and holiness with sobriety.

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What the Fathers say

1 Timothy 2:1

Eastern Fathers

John Chrysostom

Let us then exhort the saints to give thanks for us; and let us do the same ourselves for one another. To priests especially this good work belongs, since it is an exceeding privilege. For drawing near, we first give thanks for the whole world and the good things common [to all]. …

Homily on 2 Corinthians 2 ↗

Theophylact of Ohrid

"First of all," that is, at the daily divine service. The priest, as the common father of the whole universe, cares for all, just as God, to Whose service he is consecrated, watches over all. Notice the far-reaching grace. Jewish prayers are not like this. He did not say immediately "for kings," lest he appear to be a flatterer, but first says "for all people," and only then adds "for kings," even if the kings were unbelievers — one must pray for them because at that time they were all such. …

Commentary on 1 Timothy ↗

Oecumenius

First of all, then, I urge that petitions, prayers, intercessions, and thanksgivings be made for all people; for kings and all who are in high positions, that we may lead a peaceful and quiet life in all godliness and dignity. In daily worship, this would be before the remembrance of others, he says. To make petitions. A petition is a plea offered for deliverance from troubles. Prayer is a request for good things. Intercession is an accusation against wrongdoers. …

Commentary On 1 Timothy ↗

Western Saints

John Cassian

"Supplication' is a beseeching or petition for sins.… "Prayers" are those by which we offer a vow to God.… "Intercession" is customarily offered, in moments of fervor, for other men and women—our family, the peace of the world. To use St. Paul's words, we pray "for all men, for kings and all in authority." … "Thanksgiving" is when the mind recollects what God has done or is doing or looks forward to the good which he has prepared for those who love him, and so offers its gratitude in an indescribable transport of spirit. …

Conferences 9.11-14

Thomas Aquinas

Above, he taught Timothy how to form his people in the true faith; here he deals with matters pertaining to the faith's worship, namely, prayers and ceremonies: first, he presents the general doctrine on prayer; second, he applies it to the specific states of men, at I will, therefore. First he distinguishes the various ways of praying; second, he shows for whom he should pray, at for all men; third, the reason, at for this is good. …

Commentary on 1 Timothy ↗